باثولوجى - Pathology Slides : Female Genital System Pathology

Pathology Slides : Female Genital System Pathology

 

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Main entities of the female genital system pathology :

• in vagina : benign epithelial tumors (papilloma or condilloma acuminate)
• in cervix uteri : inflammatory lesions (chronic cervicitis), dysplasia (CIN grades I, II or III) and malignant tumors (squamous cell carcinoma).
• in corpus uteri : endometritis, endometrial hyperplasia, benign epithelial (endometrial polyp) and conjunctive (leiomyoma) tumors, and malignant tumors (endometrial carcinoma).
• in fallopian tubes : inflammatory lesions (acute and chronic salpingitis)
• in ovary : cysts and ovarian tumors.

The most frequent diseases of pregnancy are : ectopic pregnancy, abortion, trophoblastic (placental) tumors (hydatiform mole, invasive mole and gestational choriocarcinoma).

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Simple typical hyperplasia of endometrium

Endometrial hyperplasia (hyperplasia of endometrium) is a dishormonal lesion, produced by hyperestrinism, which generates the glandular and stromal proliferation of endometrium. It may be simple or complex, typical or atypical. Endometrial hyperplasia may regress or may transform into adenocarcinoma. Simple, typical hyperplasia has a low risk of malignancy (less than 1 %), while the risk for complex, atypical hyperplasia is about 25 %.

Simple, typical hyperplasia of endometrium. The hyperplastic endometrium consists in proliferated epithelium with quasi-normal appearing (stratified, tall columnar, or cuboidal) and proliferated cells in stroma. Often, the glands are dilated (cystic "Swiss cheese" hyperplasia). (H&E, ob. x10)

Simple typical hyperplasia of endometrium (detail)

Simple, typical hyperplasia of endometrium. (H&E, ob. x20)

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Endometrioid carcinoma of endometrium

Endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium is a malignant epithelial tumor. It appears on a background of endometrial hyperplasia, in hyperestrogenism. Tumor cells are atypical and form irregular glands, with multiple lumens, stratification. The stroma is reduced, producing the "back to back" aspect of the tumor glands. The myometrium is not infiltrated. (H&E, ob. x10)

Endometrioid carcinoma of endometrium (detail)

Endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. (H&E, ob. x20)

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Uterine curettage biopsy

Placenta has two important components : chorionic villi and decidua. The purpose of an uterine curettage biopsy might be therapeutic or abortive.

Chorionic villi

Placenta (chorionic plate) villi - fetal component of placenta has a central core (vessels and mesenchymal cells) covered by trophoblast (cytotrophoblast and sycytiotrophoblast). (H&E, ob. x10)

Decidua

Placenta (basal plate) decidua - maternal component of placenta : large decidual cells, with central nucleus, eosinophilic cytoplasm, well delineated. (H&E, ob. x20)

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Leiomyoma (uterus)

Uterine leiomyoma is a benign connective tissue tumor of the smooth muscle cells of the myometrium. Tumor cells resemble normal cells (uniform, elongated, spindle-shaped, with a cigar-shaped nucleus) and form bundles with different directions (whirled). The tumor may present areas of fibrosis, calcification and/or hemorrhage. The tumor is well circumscribed, but not encapsulated. (Hematoxylin-eosin, ob. x10)

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